b2签证会行政审查吗?
我来试着回答一下,B2/10年签证是否会被行政审查。 首先我们看一下美国移民法的条款,然后来讨论这些法条在现实中是怎么执行的。 美国移民法(Immigration and Nationality Act)由36部分组成,大部分是法律条文,小部分为解释性条文。
下面我主要引用的是解释性条文中有关非移民类签证的规定: 214(b) “The Attorney General may in his discretion admit to the United States for a temporary residence any immigrant who is found to be:….[n]ot materially injurious to the interest of the United States”; 以及 214(i)(1) "Any alien seeking entry or admission into theUnitedStaes shall be permitted entry unless...” (emphasis added)。
214(b)和214(i)(1)这两段话翻译成中文应该是这样的:
(214 b)“移民局有权根据其判断决定是否允许任何被申请入籍或被给予非移民身份的个人入境;如果移民局决定让其入境或取得非移民身份,则该个人必须满足以下所有条件……”
(214 i )“对于准备进入美国境内的所有人员,只要……的例外情况不存在的话,就应当允许其入境。”(emphases are mine)
从上面两段法律规定中,我们可以得到一个重要的信息,那就是除非符合了“不造成实质损害的”这个限制条件,否则任何人都可以入境或者被批准获得非移民身份。因此,当申请人被美国移民局拒绝授予B-1\2的非移民签证时,其被拒绝的理由一定是申请人不符合“没有实质性损害美国利益”这一条件的。那么这种所谓的不“无伤大雅”的事实到底指的是什么呢?我想这就要看各个个案的具体情况了。
事实上,除了上面两章之外,还有其他的章节也对“不产生实质性伤害”的定义做出了规定: §§101(f), which includes as an example of ‘material injury’ ‘injury within the meaning of section 1584;’, and §214(e); but these two sections really only apply if there has been an actual denial of visa application, not in cases where applicant was merely declined B-1/2 status upon their arrival at the border. Thus they do not affect our analysis.
§212(a)(3)(A) defines as grounds for exclusion aliens who have committed specific crimes, including murder. It also provides that “for the purposes of this paragraph: [certain specified types of offenses are deemed crimes under federal law regardless of whether such offenses were committed outside the U.S.]”, thus making them subject to exclusion even after one has entered the country illegally. However, it does not state anywhere how these laws should be applied in practice on a case by case basis, so no one can say with certainty what crimes will get you barred from entering the USA in the future. This seems like a good reason why I would NOT recommend anybody take up killing people as a hobby.
In short, while we cannot guarantee that certain actions will NEVER lead to an A